![]() We transfer the control of KMS and evdev to the compositor. In Wayland, the compositor is the display server. The X server acts as a middleman that introduces an extra step between applications and the compositor and an extra step between the compositor and the hardware. And even though X has handed responsibility for the final painting of the screen to the compositing manager, X still controls the front buffer and modesetting. ![]() To understand more about the workflow go through this page.Īs can be seen, the X Server doesn't have the info to decide which window should receive the event, nor can it transform the screen coordinates to window-local coordinates. The numbers on the image show the flow of the events and data across different modules of the Xorg modules. The X server receives graphics requests from the client programs to be displayed to the user, and it sends back user commands from input devices such as keyboards, mouse, touchscreens, etc. X toolkit libraries are also used to draw and operate widgest like buttons and scroll bars. Client applications use a protocol library such as libX11 for sending and receiving commands to the X server. Xorg is based on a client/server model and thus allows clients to run either locally or remotely on a different machine. Wayland is a computer protocol that specifies the communication between a display server (called a Wayland compositor) and its clients. X.Org Server is the free and open source implementation of the display server for the X Window System stewarded by the X.Org Foundation. The X Window System is a client/server network protocol that's been put into use for a while now. These actions include clicking on a checkbox, moving the windows, clicking a button, etc. In simple terms, X Windows System and Wayland determine how your program's display will appear depending on your actions. X11 is the protocol implemented by X Windows System while Wayland is the protocol used by Wayland Compositor. Commonly known display server communications protocols include X11, Wayland, Mir, etc. It communicates with its clients over the display server protocol which can be network-transparent and network capable. Its primary task is to coordinate the input and output of its clients (programs and applications running GUI interface) to and from the rest of the OS, the hardware, and each other. How they are similar and how are they different? Display Server and Stackĭisplay Server is the basic component of GUI which sits between the graphical interface and the kernel. In this article, I will explain the issues I found during my analysis.īefore going over the issue with the Xorg it is vital to understand the working mechanisms and architecture of both Xorg and Wayland. When I started to dig into this, I realised why the community was going with Xorg instead of Wayland as default. Afterall Xorg has some security concerns, and choosing to continue with it was hard to swallow. When I first heard that Ubuntu 18 will be using Xorg as default, it came to me by surprise. Just log out and click the user profile and then click the gear symbol at the bottom to choose the session you want.Earlier this year Ubuntu 18 LTS was fully released. Thankfully, it is quite easy to switch between Xorg and Wayland. Switching back to Xorg is the only option at times. Many screen recorders and screenshot software don’t work with Wayland. ![]() Ubuntu, Fedora and many other distros have switched to Wayland by default but many applications are lagging behind in Wayland support. GNOME has put so much emphasis on Wayland to provide a modern desktop experience. It will display ‘restart is not available on Wayland’. If you are using GNOME, press Alt+F2, type r in the dialogue box and press enter. For Wayland, you get wayland and for Xorg you get in the output.Ī ridiculous but fun way to know if you are using Wayland on GNOME.Check the value of $XDG_SESSION_TYPE variable in terminal.If you use xorg (X display server), you should get x11 in the output. If you are using Wayland, you should get ‘wayland’ in the output: :~$ echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE The simplest and perhaps the most reliable way is to use the following command in a terminal: echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE Let me show you how to check which display server you are using. So, when you are having trouble with your Linux system, it would be wise to check if the problem is coming because of the display server. They work only with the good old X or Xorg display server. Most mainstream distros have started to move to the Wayland display server by default.īut not all legacy components are compatible with the newer Wayland. There is a technical transition taking place in the desktop Linux world.
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